The developer of Lumosity "brain training" games will pay $2 million US to settle federal allegations that it misled
customers about the cognitive benefits of its online apps and programs.
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission said Tuesday the company's advertisements deceptively suggested that playing the games a few times a week could boost performance at work, in the classroom and even delay serious conditions like dementia. Under the settlement, Lumos Labs must contact its customers and offer them an easy way to cancel their subscriptions.
The San Francisco company frequently promoted its games through national TV and radio stations including CNN, Fox News and National Public Radio. The company also used Google advertising services to drive traffic to its website, the FTC said in a statement.
"Lumosity preyed on consumers' fears about age-related cognitive decline, suggesting their games could stave off memory loss, dementia, and even Alzheimer's disease," said Jessica Rich, a director in FTC's consumer protection unit. "But Lumosity simply did not have the science to back up its ads."
Customers pay anywhere from $15 US, for a monthly subscription, or up to $300 US for lifetime access to Lumosity's online and mobile apps.
Last April, an investigation by CBC's Marketplace revealed that brain training games such as Lumosity may not make your brain perform better in everyday life. When 54 adults, including host Tom Harrington, did the brain training at least three times per week for 15 minutes or more over a period of between two and a half and four weeks, researchers found no significant improvement on tests of memory, reasoning, concentration and planning.
An FTC spokesman said Tuesday's action is the first government settlement with a maker of apps intended to boost brain health.
Previous settlements have involved makers of dietary supplements and other products intended to boost mental performance. The government agency, which regulates consumer advertising, plans to refund the $2 million US to Lumosity customers. The agency initially obtained a $50 million US judgment against Lumos Labs, but the amount was downsized because of company's inability to pay.
Lumosity is one of the most visible services in the burgeoning brain training industry, which has estimated sales of over $1 billion US per year, according to trade publications.
Under federal law, only products that have been reviewed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration can claim to treat or prevent serious diseases or conditions. To date, the FDA has not approved any brain training programs.
In 2014, more than 70 prominent neurology and psychology researchers published a consensus statement critical of the brain training industry, citing its "frequently exaggerated" marketing.
"The aggressive advertising entices consumers to spend money on products and to take up new behaviours, such as gaming, based on these exaggerated claims," the experts said.
While studies have shown that gaming participants can improve their performance on simple tasks, the experts concluded there is no compelling evidence that games "reduce or reverse cognitive decline."
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